Bioengineering Algae to Make Hydrogen

Researchers have discovered a way of bioengineering algae to produce hydrogen.

Many species of algae and cyanobacteria can use sunlight to split water and release hydrogen, a potentially eco-friendly way of producing hydrogen for fuel cells. No one’s seriously pursued it, however, because the process is secondary to producing compounds the algae need to live.

“The algae are really not interested in producing hydrogen, they want to produce sugar,” MIT postdoctoral candidate and researcher Iftach Yacoby (on the left in the pic) said.

Hydrogen is a byproduct of the production of the sugars the algae need to survive. The scientists say introducing an enzyme into the water in which the algae live suppresses sugar production and increases hydrogen production by about 400 percent without killing the organisms. The research revealed how the production of sugar and hydrogen compete and how the balance could be tipped in favor of making hydrogen.

“It’s one step closer to an industrial process,” said Shuguang Zhang of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Biomedical Engineering. “First, you have to understand the science.”

Now that they understand the science, he said, researchers can refine it to make the process commercially viable. That, he said, is “a matter of time and money.” Ultimately, the bioengineered algae could be used to produce hydrogen on a large scale because aglae is abundant, prolific and hardy and there is nothing toxic involved in the process.

“The beauty is in its simplicity,” Yacoby said.

Photo: Patrick Gillooly/MIT. Postdoc Iftach Yacoby, left, and Shuguang Zhang, associate director of MIT’s Center for Biomedical Engineering, in the lab.

Source: http://www.wired.com/autopia/2011/05/bio-engineering-algae-to-make-hydrogen/

Solazyme-Roquette’s algal flour promises exciting future for delicious, low-fat food

Algal flour may provide a one-step solution to the challenges of fat-reduction in foods, with low-fat cookies, crackers, and salad dressings possible new arrivals on supermarket shelves, according to Solazyme-Roquette Nutritionals.

Low fat cookies and shortbread... you wouldn't know!

Low fat cookies and shortbread… you wouldn’t know!

Consumer demand for healthy products is growing, but fat reduction in foods is complicated as fats play many roles in food, including adding texture, structure and flavor.

The imminent arrival on the market of SolazymeRoquette Nutritionals’s high-lipid algal flour may solve many of these problems, however: “If you’d have told me we can make low-fat foods that taste like this, I would have said no way,” Leslie Norris, food applications development for Solazyme, told FoodNavigator-USA.com during a recent visit to the company’s HQ in South San Francisco.

During the visit, your correspondent sampled a range of algal flour products, including chocolate milk and honey mustard dressing, with a taste and mouth-feel as good, if not better, than their full-fat versions, but boasting reductions in fat by as much as 70 percent.

Olive oil-esque

The company’s algal flour does contain lipid (50 percent of the flour is lipid), but the composition is similar to olive oil, explained Norris. It also contains 20 percent soluble fiber and 8 percent insoluble fiber. The ingredient is self-affirmed GRAS (generally recognized as safe).

Ken Plasse, senior director, sales and marketing for Solazyme Nutritionals, explained that the new algal flour is for use as a “primary ingredient alternative to make mainstream processed foods healthier without compromising on taste”.

Chocolate milk formulated with 4.5 percent algal flour not only tasted like the real thing, but contained 16 percent fewer calories, 66 percent less saturated fat, and 71 percent less cholesterol than the full-fat chocolate milk sitting beside it.

Shortbread cookies formulated with 7 percent algal flour and one-third the butter used in normal shortbread came with a label noting a 50 percent reduction in fat and a 57 percent reduction in saturated fat.

Other product prototypes presented included honey mustard dressing boasting 74 percent fewer calories and an 85 percent reduction in fat, compared to full-fat dressing, and a frozen dessert containing 38 percent fewer calories, and a 70 percent reduction in saturated fat, compared with a Haagen Dazs chocolate ice cream. And the algal dessert tasted creamier.

Solazyme-Roquette Nutritionals is gearing up for a soft launch of its new algal flour this summer, with an official launch scheduled for the latter end of 2011. The JV’s first plant should be on-line by Q4 of 2011, said the company, and products are expected on shelves between the middle of 2012 and early 2013.

JV

Solazyme announced a team-up with France’s Roquette in November 2010, and the joint venture named Solazyme-Roquette Nutritionals was launched.

Unlike other algae initiatives, the joint venture is not targeting individual molecules like DHA omega-3, but “at foods for everyday, microalgal ingredients that give taste, health and functionality, but are also affordable and sustainable”, said Roquette’s Philippe Caillat at the time of the announcement .

What next for algae?

Solazyme’s Plasse noted that more can be expected from algae: “Algae has an ability to naturally create new novel multifunctional ingredients that can provide significant health and functional advantages not available in other products on the market today. It also hits many of today’s top trends including vegan, gluten free, and sustainable production.”

Plasse added that the supplement market already has established algae-derived ingredient, like omega-3, chlorella, and spirulina. “Mainstream food ingredients are up and coming – Algal oils, protein and fibers, or unique combinations of each (like Algal Flour) show the most potential,” he added.

Source: http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/Product-Categories/Fats-oils/Solazyme-Roquette-s-algal-flour-promises-exciting-future-for-delicious-low-fat-food

AlgaeLink

AlgaeLink started in 2007 with a prime objective of offering a robust, highly effective photobioreactor for the cultivation of algae. Extensive research over a number of years has proven that algae is a high-value commodity and extremely beneficial for use in a large number of markets, including the Food (e.g. nutraceuticals, food additives), Feed (e.g. aquaculture feed) and Fuel industry. Algae farms offer great solutions for CO2 and Waste Water emission problems too.

AlgaeLink NV is a Dutch Company that designs and manufactures algae growing equipment and cultivates algae for various global markets. AlgaeLink is building a world-wide supply chain and partner network that is sustainable and delivers value to our global customers. Our operations cover algae production, equipment, consultancy, installation support and training.

Our key focus areas are:

Food Food 

Covers nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products for human consumption, proteins, omega oils, food supplements, cosmetics, etc.

Feed Feed 

Aquaculture and animal feed, which is not limited to fish farming, but also general livestock and even domestic animals.

Fuel Fuel 

Green energy, biodiesel, bio-ethanol, bio-gas, bio-oil, and jet fuel.

CO2 CO2 

Ability to sequester CO2 and implement as profit making plant, rather than cost effects of sequestering.

WasteWater Waste water management 

The ability of implementing the photobioreactor into existing waste water plants for water purification through nutritient absorption.

 

AlgaeLink manufactures the best products available on the bio energy market today and sells them at attractive prices. We invite you to visit our plant in The Netherlands and evaluate our products.

Source: http://www.algaelink.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=2

Is Algae Worse than Corn for Biofuels?

algae-growth-ponds-biofuel

ALGAE FOOTPRINT: Researchers find that algae is a bigger energy hog than other biofuel sources.

Growing algae for use in biofuels has a greater environmental impact than sources such as corn, switch grass and canola, researchers found in the first life-cycle assessment of algae growth.

Interest in algae-based biofuels has blossomed in the past year, sparking major investments from Exxon Mobil Corp. and Dow Chemical Co., and it has gained steam on Capitol Hill, as well. But the nascent industry has major environmental hurdles to overcome before ramping up production, according to research published this week in Environmental Science and Technology.

“What we found was sort of surprising,” said Andres Clarens, a civil and environmental engineering professor at the University of Virginia and lead author of the paper. “We started doing this with as much optimism as everybody else.”

Read the whole article here ( Source ): http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=algae-biofuel-growth-environmental-impact